The Black Power Mixtape Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Black Power Mixtape - Essay Example   Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Black Power Mixtape† was directed by Goran Hugo Olsson a Swedish and helps depict a story of black power movement in a neutral eye. A little odd is the fact that the Swedish Journalists were following and recording the efforts and of course frustrations by blacks surviving in America’s back streets.   All the documentation was for long stored in a basement for close to forty years until the making of this Mixtape. Indeed a Mixtape, the film presents the facts as they were, raw in a matter of speaking put together. It is refreshing due to its arbitrariness, not following a style but with the theme of showing the Black power in the 1960’s and early 1970’s. The stylistic approaches used by the director of the film displays the struggles of blacks in 1960’s in a random and virgin, non-fictional memorabilia depicting the atmosphere as it was and benefited the presentation of a cinema of truth. The film is a compilation of interviews from people that championed the Black power movement who after witnessing or experiencing the struggles of their own kind, had to stand up for themselves. Interviews include inter alia; Angela Davis, Stokely Carmichael, Bobby Seale, Eldridge Cleaver, Huey Newton and Dr. Martin Luther King. Their words and voice resonating and evoking such an era-specific picture of what occurred. Fictional movies such as ‘Mississippi Burning’ and Tate Taylor’s ‘The Help’ have often brought this era out in a palatable way.... Angela Davis’s voice interview when in jail reverberates over and over again in my head when she says, â€Å"You ask me if I approve of violence, I just find that incredible.† She struggles to show the misconceptions towards her people, the black people. It shows the irony of the situation where a people violent and racist towards the black people, depict violence as coming from the black people. She evokes so much by her words and silence too just after the short interview that resonates almost half a century later. Stokely Carmichael agrees with the idea of Dr Martin Luther King policy of non-violence as a method for blacks to use to change the hearts of the racial discriminators. In his interview, the impossibility of Dr King’s method is brought out in a humorous and almost seductive way amid the chaotic and dangerous atmosphere. Impossibility in this method is because to be moved to a change of heart required conscience which discriminators seem not to have a s seen by Carmichael. We are reminded of the many failed revolutions and counterrevolutions in a time that shaped the culture that we enjoy today. During an interview with Stokely Carmichael’s mother Mabel, the film takes an awakening turn. In an inspiring and downright courageous act, Stokely takes the microphone from the Swedish journalist and asks his mother why his father, a carpenter was laid off so often. Even without watching more of the film, one can tell the frustration, this fresh graduate feels knowing too well the truth but watching his mother struggle to go around the facts. The lack of freedom of expression or the double standard of it, the fear experienced by the ‘coloured’ people as the mother calls them. The result of the film is sobering making one

Working in Organisations - Organisational Analysis Report Essay

Working in Organisations - Organisational Analysis Report - Essay Example The next pÐ °rt of report describes orgÐ °nizÐ °tionÐ °l structure of orgÐ °nizÐ °tion bÐ °sing on the interview conducted. Ð mong numerous dimensions of retÐ °il orgÐ °nizÐ °tionÐ °l structure it reflects complexity, formÐ °lizÐ °tion, Ð °nd centrÐ °lizÐ °tion. The finÐ °l, fourth pÐ °rt of report is Ð ° concluding pÐ °rt where I describe orgÐ °nizÐ °tionÐ °l design of Tesco. BÐ °sing on the interviews thÐ °t I conducted previously Ð °nd literÐ °ture thÐ °t I hÐ °ve reseÐ °rched, I evÐ °luÐ °te orgÐ °nizÐ °tion Ð °nd suggest its design. MÐ °ny retÐ °il shopping centers hÐ °ve tried Ð °nd fÐ °iled to perform excellently outside their home mÐ °rkets. Likewise, some retÐ °ilers hÐ °ve led Ð °strÐ °y trying to develop Internet shopping. Ð s Ð ° result, TESCO, the United Kingdoms biggest grocer, hÐ °s drÐ °wn significiÐ °nt Ð °ttention becÐ °use of its Ð °mbitious overseÐ °s strÐ °tegy Ð °nd its successful on-line home delivery service. Ð nother successful key fÐ °ctor thÐ °t inputs to TESCO sustÐ °inÐ °ble development Ð °nd growth is the mÐ °rketing communicÐ °tion plÐ °n thÐ °t provides the detÐ °iled overview of the CompÐ °ny’s fiscÐ °l policies Ð °s for meeting the clients’ needs Ð °nd providing competitive prices within wisely locÐ °ted grocers Ð °ll over the world. TESCO understÐ °nds thÐ °t successful mÐ °rketing strÐ °tegy should be bÐ °sed on customers’ need, thÐ °t is why the Mission StÐ °tement declÐ °red for the CompÐ °ny sounds Ð °s it f ollows: â€Å"One of our vÐ °lues is to understÐ °nd customers better thÐ °n Ð °nyone. We go to greÐ °t lengths to Ð °sk customers whÐ °t they think, listen to their views, Ð °nd then Ð °ct on them. We look both Ð °t whÐ °t customers sÐ °y Ð °nd whÐ °t they do. This feedbÐ °ck guides the decisions we tÐ °le† (www.TESCO.com) Tesco is the lÐ °rgest food retÐ °iler in UK, operÐ °ting Ð °round 2,318 stores worldwide. Tesco operÐ °tes Ð °round 1,878 stores throughout the UK, Ð °nd Ð °lso operÐ °tes stores in the rest of Europe Ð °nd Ð siÐ °. Tesco.com is Ð ° wholly-owned subsidiÐ °ry offering Ð °

What Is Empirical Knowledge Philosophy Essay

What Is Empirical Knowledge Philosophy Essay Posteriori knowledge, or empirical knowledge is propositional knowledge obtained by experience or sensorial information. Posteriori knowledge is a contrast to priori knowledge, which is knowledge that is gained through the apprehension of innate ideas, intuition or pure reason. Debate has focused on analyzing the nature of knowledge and how it relates to similar notions such as truth, belief, and justification. It also deals with the means of production of knowledge, as well as skepticism about different knowledge claims. The traditional analysis of empirical knowledge states that you know that P if and only if you have empirically justified true belief that P.  [1]   You dont know why or have any idea of why reaction A follows situation B but you have seen it happen so many times that you know that is what is going to happen. I know how to drive a car in so far as I know that I use the accelerator to go and brake to stop and use the steering wheel to manoeuvre. I can get from A to B. In that respect I know how it functions in practice, but have little knowledge how cars actually work. Is it important to have knowledge of how things work? A person who knows how a car works doesnt automatically know how to drive or may not be a better driver because of his particular knowledge. Many people and animals live quite a happy existence oblivious to knowledge or complicated thought process. I have gained knowledge over the last eighteen years without knowing about empirical knowledge. The notion of innate ideas proposes that certain knowledge is present from birth. Empiricists would not want to deny that all bachelors are unmarried is a truth independent of experience, however they would deny that such a truth could be innate. For empiricists, the mind is a blank slate, Tabula Rasa. They believe that when we learn or experience things, it is as if the mind is being written on. Rationalists believe that the mind is similar to a computer, in which the hardware already has some functions, innate ideas, before the software, specific knowledge is loaded onto it. John Locke believed that our experiences provided us with what he termed simple and complex ideas. A fine example of a simple idea may include the redness of a rose. We thereafter use these ideas in order to understand the world. An example Locke gives, is If someone burnt their hand on a flame but also on a extremely cold piece of ice, then one would form the conclusion that it is not heat that is responsible for the burns, but the difference in temperature. Thus, Locke thinks that the simple sensations and experiences for the basis for more abstract ideas. Locke believed that knowledge could be of certain types depending on how ideas could be compared. Locke considered that the idea of black could be contrasted with that of white; and other ideas which share a common source, such as light and fire, which often go together. These ways of building up information, Locke thought are the main means by which we turn simple ideas into complex ones. Locke considered that there are three main types of knowledge. Intuitive, Demonstrative and Sensitive. Intuitive knowledge, black is not white is the most certain form of knowledge because it is the most difficult to doubt, and Locke argues that they are so obvious that we except them intuitively, as a priori. Demonstrative knowledge is when we begin to put simple ideas together and form complex ones, demonstrating something. Comparing the heat of the sun to the heat of a fire, one would be able to demonstrate that they are both made of similar substances. Locke argues that this form of knowledge i s posteriori. Sensitive knowledge, Locke argues, is the most uncertain because it relies merely on the evidence of senses. If I look to see how many chairs there are in another room, I am relying on sensitive knowledge, which although considered a posteriori, can easily be mistaken Rationalists argue by asking the question, that if one was to reject the idea that all of our knowledge comes from rational principles, how could we tell which of our perceptions are real or true? Lockes answer to this lies in the existence of primary and secondary qualities that an object has. Applying this theory to a table, Locke considers the tables primary qualities to be its size and shape, whereas the tables secondary qualities are produced by powers in the object itself, which act on our senses to produce sensations and impressions. The colour, taste, and temperature of the table are all examples of a tables secondary qualities. George Berkeley pointed out that if all we ever see are primary or secondary qualities, how do we know that substance really exists? Berkley believed that there may be no such thing are matter, a view called Idealism. Berkley thought that Locke and other philosophers had potentially opened the door to atheism and scepticism by this view of knowledge. Berkley attempted to show that rather than sensations of objects arising from powers in the object itself, the experiences were actually in the perceiver. Berkley argues that the object does not need to possess any powers with which it produces effects on our senses, because the object does not exist apart from our perception of it. Berkley adopts the sceptical argument that we do not see objects as they really are. Berkleys main argument was intended to show that it is possible for something to exist without being perceived. Berkley argues that it we cannot imagine what the perception of something must be like, we cannot really say that it exists. Berkley uses the idea to attack the notion of substance or matter, for if all the qualities that we ascribe to it are either primary or secondary qualities, can we actually say that the substance itself exists? David Hume disagreed with such philosophers as Descartes that the mind contained innate ideas. He also disagreed with the idea that we could be certain about anything outside our experience or the true nature of the world. Hume divided knowledge into what he termed relations of ideas and matters of fact. Relations of ideas are analytic truths or priori statements that we cannot conceive of being otherwise, such as the statement 2 + 2 = 4 and All bachelors are unmarried. Matters of fact, however can be falsified. The statement The sun will rise tomorrow is extremely likely, however it is not impossible that it will not. considered the answer to this is to suggest the existence of what he calls primary and secondary qualities. Hume argues that all our knowledge of cause and effect came through habit. So, for instance, if we see the Sun rise it is not because it corresponds to some eternal and unchangeable law, but because we have seen it rise countless times what he terms, constant conjunction. Therefore, the more we have experienced things, the more certain they will be. Theoretical and practical knowledge and understanding and experience are different types of knowledge. I think there is an important distinction between knowing that and knowing how. People knew that things fell down long before they knew why or there was an explanation of gravitation. Such knowledge was empirical. Most assumed knowledge or studies of things are known as theories. Peoples ideas or take on things. Theory of evolution. Theory of relativity. Over time opinions are developed, they can be tested and become theories. Some theories become more certain and may become factual, but some remain doubtful or perceptions can alter, new light comes to ground that changes ones knowledge. Once it was thought that the earth was flat, and people could fall of the edge. Edmund Gettier called into question the theory of knowledge and the traditional definition of knowledge. Gettiers argument is that there are situations in which ones belief may be justified and true, yet fail to count as knowledge. He contended that while justified belief in a true proposition is necessary for that proposition to be known, it is not sufficient. According to Gettier, there are certain circumstances in which one does not have knowledge, even when all of the above conditions are met. Gettier proposed two thought experiments, which have come to be known as Gettier cases, as counter examples to the classical account of knowledge. He argued it is possible to arrive at an assumption based on belief which is deemed justified, but happens to be true only by chance, because the outcome was predicted for the wrong reason and so cant be classed to be knowledge. Responses to Gettier have been varied. Usually, they have involved substantive attempts to provide a definition of knowledge different from the classical one, either by redefining knowledge as justified true belief with some additional fourth condition, or as something else altogether. We are left a legacy of knowledge from those who have lived before us and thus accumulated knowledge over thousands of years. It would be impossible for any individual to experience all this knowledge first hand. I have learned that there is a difference between knowing that (facts and information) and knowing how (the ability to do something), because it is one thing to know what empirical knowledge is, but another to have the ability to convey this in an essay, to show this knowledge. In conclusion from continued observation things should become obvious. For things to become factual I guess they should be observed by several people and the same conclusion be deducted. Should one believe or trust other peoples conclusion of events? Or is it necessary to observe and test theories oneself in order to form ones own conclusions and gain knowledge. Im not really sure there is one conclusion to be made. It is possible to judge some things for ourselves but not all things because we dont have the means, time or inclination it would take forever, or longer ad infinitum. But is there such a thing as infinity anyway? One thing is certain I will never find out.

The Legal Classification of Men and Women :: Social Justice Legal Essays

Usually sex classifications were challenged by women who felt they deprived of equal legal treatment, but they were also challenged by men who felt women were given unfair legal protection. Originally, most of the gender specific legislation in the United States was passed because stereotypes regarding women pervaded the mentalities of many of our nation's lawmakers. Slowly the government realized that women had been sealed into the domestic sphere and attempted to reverse this discrimination by giving women special compensations. In some instances the treatment women received was leftover from old notions of role typing, while in others, laws directly tried to remedy harmful effects of the past. In both cases, men claimed their equal protection rights were violated by laws which separated women from men. In Stanley v. Illinois 1972, Peter Stanley challenged an Illinois statute which "automatically conferred custody on a married father and on a mother, married or unmarried, and automatically denied it to an unmarried father" after the death of a parent (Goldstein 196). Stanley claimed that his equal protection right, protected by the Fourteenth Amendment, was violated because other parents who were similarly situated, that is, women and married men, were given a benefit which he was denied. A constitutional law must demonstrate a clear goal of the state, and represent the "least restrictive means to achieve those ends" (Mezey 16). In this case, however, the Supreme Court observed "that the State registers no gain towards its goals when it separates children from the custody of fit parents" (Goldstein 199). Clearly this law is a remnant of the past when women were thought to be the only caretakers of children. The underlying motive for this law was "the theory that an unwed father is n ot a "parent" whose existing relationship with his children must be considered" (Goldstein 198). While it is common for the state to defend their stereotypical legal relics on the grounds of "administrative convenience," the Court now identifies these laws as problematic (Reed v. Reed 1971, Frontiero v. Richardson 1973). "Procedure by assumption is always cheaper and easier than individual determination(,) but when the procedure... explicitly disdains present realities in deference to past formalities... it cannot stand" (Goldstein 200). Thus, the Illinois law which automatically awarded women the custody of their children, but not similarly situated men, was declared unconstitutional, because it was grounded in outdated stereotypes. Leon Goldfarb, in Calfifano v.

Persuasive Effects On Children Education Essay

The issue that I discovered through research was the controversial turning issue with how selling to kids is a cause of the kid goon fleshiness epidemic. Deceptive advertizement influences is one of the causes for kids ‘s hapless nutrient picks. Ads can be lead oning. Harmonizing to Stepanie Clifford, Susan Linn manager of run for a Commercial Free Childhood said, â€Å" They [ the advertizements ] are powerful and improbably insidious † ( para.22 ) . On the other manus, advertizement bureaus are merely making their occupation. Harmonizing to Mrs. Clifford, the manager for selling communications at Duncan Enterprises, Aluso Dias said, â€Å" We do n't desire to lead on anyone † ( para.3 ) . Because, selling to kids is one of the causes for child fleshiness the advertizement bureaus should promote healthier nutrients, alternatively, they are coming up with new methods of act uponing kids ‘s nutrient picks. There are three chief groups that are involved or affected in this argument, which are the advertisement bureaus, the kids, and even the parents of the kids. Harmonizing to the writer Jason Cartere, who wrote the book, Food Marketing and Childhood, â€Å" It has been estimated that, because of kids ‘s impact on buying behaviour, the nutrient industry spent $ 10 to $ 12 billion in 2002 to make them † ( 12 ) . Ad companies engage in promotional disbursement to attraction the attending of their clients, including kids, to specific merchandises in the food market shop. Children and adolescents are an of import market section. Harmonizing to Mr. Cartere, â€Å" They non merely have important disbursement power of their ain, but they besides influence the purchases of their parents and are the adults consumers of the hereafter † ( 12 ) . So it seems to me that the parents, kids and the advertisement bureaus are all involved in this contention in the some manner of anoth er. First, the advertizement bureaus and how they are involved by the interest to derive money. Selling bureaus targeted at kids has invested a billion dollar industry that is extremely effectual. Harmonizing to Dr. Kunkel, â€Å" More than 100 surveies demonstrate that nutrient selling is mostly successful at act uponing kids, which is barely surprising result, given the one million millions of dollars the industry invests in such effects † ( 2 ) .Much of that buying influence relates to nutrient. Mr. Cartere states, â€Å" Harmonizing to one estimation, one-year gross revenues of nutrient to kids exceeded $ 27 billion in 2002 † ( 12 ) . These bureaus benefit from nutrient advertised at kids. They influence kids ‘s pick of nutrients. Dr. Kunkel indicated, â€Å" In sum uping the overall grounds, the IOM concluded there is strong grounds that advertisement influences the short-run nutrient ingestion of kids aged 2-11, and the regular diet of 2-5 year- old † ( 2 ) . Therefore, the advertisement bureaus do derive some money by act uponing kids to devour their nutrient merchandises promoted. The 2nd group that is involved is the kids. Young kids are major consumers of the merchandises industries. This tendency prompted concerns about the effects of the advertizements on kids ‘s wellness. Harmonizing to the book, Preventing Childhood Obesity, â€Å" The measure and nature of advertizements to which kids are exposed to daily, reinforced through multiple media channels, appear to lend to nutrient, drink, and sedentary – chase picks that can adversely impact energy balance † ( 172 ) . Children are involved, because their wellness is affected by these unhealthy nutrient advertizements. Harmonizing the book, Preventing Childhood fleshiness, â€Å" Dietary and other picks influenced by exposure to these advertizements may probably lend to energy instability and weight addition, ensuing in fleshiness † ( 173 ) . It does look the advertizement bureaus do hold an impact on kids ‘s merchandise trade name and first pick, and consequence on ingestion behaviour. Dr. Kunkel had stated, â€Å" The decision that kids ‘s exposure to unhealthy nutrient advertisement contributes to their weight position is now widely known † ( p.2 ) . It is apparent that publicizing achieves its intended end, which is to act upon kids ‘s merchandise picks even when they ‘re non healthy. The 3rd group that is involved by this contention is the kids ‘s parents. From a practical point of view, parents play a cardinal function as family policy shapers. By advancing certain values and attitudes, by honoring or reenforcing specific behaviours, and by functioning as function theoretical accounts parents have a profound influence on their kids. Harmonizing to the writers of Preventing Childhood Obesity, â€Å" They make day-to-day, determination on recreational chances, nutrient handiness at place, and kids ‘s allowances ; they determine the scene for nutrient eaten in the place ; and they implement infinite other regulations and policies that influence the extent to which assorted members of the household engage in healthful feeding and physical activity † ( 289 ) .Children ‘s wellness demand to be raised by a place environment with engaged and adept parenting, that theoretical accounts values, encourages reasonable eating wonts, and physically an active life style. Harmonizing to Preventing Childhood Obesity, â€Å" Finally, a 10-year longitudinal survey conducted in Denmark has identified parental disregard as a powerful forecaster of the subsequent development of fleshiness † ( 287 ) . Parents ‘ engagement can lend to active behaviours in kids. Harmonizing to Preventing Childhood Obesity, â€Å" Although intervention of childhood fleshiness is beyond the range of this study, intervention surveies have demonstrated that intensive engagement of parents in intercessions to alter corpulent kids ‘s dietary and physical activity behaviours has contributed to success in weight loss and long-run weight care † ( 287 ) . As kids develop, parents play an spread outing function in finding the nutrients that are available to them. Peoples have assorted demands, including the physiological demands, like nutrient. Ads industries that promote an unhealthy diet do hold an consequence on kids ‘s physiological demand for nutrient. Mr.Cartere said, â€Å" Ad bureaus spend important sums of packaging designed to appeal to kids † ( 13 ) . Emotional entreaty, technique used to appeal to the emotions and values viewing audiences care profoundly approximately. Harmonizing to the book, Preventing Childhood Obesity, â€Å" Sellers use a assortment of techniques, manners, and channels to make kids and young person, including gross revenues publicities, famous person or sketch – character indorsements, merchandise arrangements, and the co-marketing of trade names † ( 173 ) . Children who see these sort of advertizement are evoked through their physiological demand for nutrient, which interns, is likely to be sub missioned by fleshiness. Dr. Kunkel besides stated, â€Å" Children who see more nutrie nt advertisement have a significantly higher hazard of yielding to fleshiness † ( 2 ) . Ads do frequently appeal straight or indirectly to one or more assorted demands, though these are merchandises that are nit portion if a healthy diet. Using broad scope of attacks, publicizing companies, market their hapless nutritionary nutrient merchandises to kids. Children view the merchandises that are non a portion of a healthy diet, which interns, are seduced to believe they can eat the sugary merchandises and non believe about the effects. Harmonizing to the Encyclopedia of Obesity, â€Å" One survey found that among kids every bit immature as three, the sum of hebdomadal telecasting was significantly related to their thermal consumption every bit good as petitions and parental purchases of specific nutrients they saw advertised on telecasting † ( 8 ) . Well, most of the telecasting advertizements directed at kids promote nutrient, such as confect and sweetened breakfast cereals. Dr. Kunkel provinces, â€Å" The huge bulk of kid targeted nutrient advertisement promotes obesogenic merchandises that are high in added fat, salt, and sugar † ( p.2 ) . Ethical ways used to market to kids seem to hold a negative eff ect, childhood fleshiness. The negative effect, the fleshiness epidemic in this instance, seem to be an consequence of straight publicizing to kids, which has made me believe of the two philosophical rule that I believe. Children need to be guided in the right way by their parents and the environmental factors around them. Childhood fleshiness involves immediate and long-run hazards to physical wellness, which nutrient selling are among the suggested subscribers to the rise in fleshiness rates. Harmonizing to, Preventing Childhood Obesity, â€Å" The rise in kids ‘s fleshiness is a peculiar concern, because fleshy grownups, and because corpulent kids are likely to endure from associated medical jobs earlier in life † ( 1 ) . Parents should learn their kids a life style in which kids learn about the wellness benefits of nutrition and physical activity. Another philosophical rule I believe is merely something ‘s should n't be said if it is non true. Misleading person is non the truth. Ad nutrient as healthy does n't do the merchandise healthy. Dr. Kunkel said, â€Å" The industry say all of the nutrient its advertises to kids under its self-regulatory enterprise are healthy ; but my independent analysis use U.S. authorities nutritionary criterions, say more than two of every three advertised merchandises autumn in the poorest nutritionary class † ( p.3 ) .They can easy be persuaded and be guided in the incorrect way, into believing something that is non true. The nutritionary facts that is included and excluded in a merchandise should be clearly established. Even the simplest advertizements can be misunderstood easy. Childs can be persuaded into the demand of the poorest nutritionary nutrients. Therefore, I wish to stand by the kids on this issue. Dr. Kunkel said, â€Å" Extensive research I have conducted since 2005 shows that prior to the coming of self-regulating, 84 % of all nutrients advertised on telecasting to kids were merchandises in the poorest nutritionary class, which consist largely of extremely sugared cereals, drinks, and bites, along with fatty and salty fast nutrients † ( p.3 ) . These sorts of merchandises that promoted are supposed to be consumed one time in a piece. Yet, the advertizement bureaus are barely doing an attempt. Dr. Kunkel made a statement, â€Å" But my surveies show that in 2007, the proportion of nutrients marketed to kids that remained unhealthy was 79 % and in 2009 it was still a 72 % ( p.3 ) . Why would n't the advertisement bureaus change how they direct their publicities aimed at kids? Childhood fleshiness clearly appears to be a status that is hap pening more often and extensively among persons in a community or population than is expected, this suggests an epidemic. Overall, information clearly indicated that fleshiness laterality in U.S. kids to upsetting sum ‘s, but chief inquiries remain about the effects of this job. Harmonizing to Preventing Childhood Obesity, â€Å" The primary concern about childhood fleshiness is its possible impact on wellbeing, non merely in childhood but into maturity, with the term â€Å" well- being † reflecting the commissions view that societal and emotional wellness is every bit of import as physical wellness † ( 65 ) .Childhood fleshiness is associated with a broad array of upsets that affect multiple organ systems. Harmonizing to, Preventing Childhood Obesity, â€Å" These upsets include high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, glucose intolerance/insulin opposition, hepatic steatosis, cholelthiasis, sleep apnea, catamenial abnormalcies, impaired balance, and orthopaedic jobs † ( 67 ) . Conditionss related to childhood fleshiness, may even go ordinary. Harmonizing to Preventing Childhood Ob esity, â€Å" It is possible that if the childhood fleshiness epidemic continues at its current rate, conditions related to type 2 diabetes-such as sightlessness, amputation, coronary arteria disease, shot, and kidney failure- will go ordinary in middle- elderly people † ( 69 ) . Parents should educate their kids, from a immature age, about doing determinations sing dietetic consumption, so that as they get older, the kids can take on increasing duty for determinations sing the types and sums of nutrients and drinks they consume. Harmonizing to Preventing Childhood Obesity, â€Å" Parents should advance healthful nutrient picks by school-aged- kids and young person by doing a assortment of alimentary, low-energy-dense nutrients, such as fruits and veggies, available in the place † ( 293 ) . Parents should advance physical activity every bit good. Harmonizing to, Preventing Childhood Obesity, â€Å" Parents should advance physical activity by back uping and encouraging kids and young person to be active and drama out-of-doorss and take part in chances for physical activity † ( 300 ) . So the different techniques used to market to kids so seem to lend to a negative effects. To sum up my decision, due to the philosophical rules, fundamentally merely making the right thing, I wish to back up the kids because of the decision of the negative effects. Children do n't cognize or even understand how they are being persuaded. Parents need to learn their kids how the universe tries to pull strings person. Or else, person like the advertizement bureaus will act upon them. Ads do frequently appeal straight or indirectly to one or more assorted demands, though these are merchandises that are non portion of a healthy diet. Harmonizing to the YouTube picture I found, â€Å" Frosted Flakes † , â€Å" Ads can act upon kids through merely arousing stimulations. † Children need aid bespeaking persuasion of the psychological demands, over their ain existent psychological demands. Children need to be protected by the persuasions of the poorest advertizements aimed at appealing to the demands of their unhealthy nutrients. The simplest advertizements can be mis understood easy. Given that the wellness of today ‘s kids and future coevalss is at interest we, as grownups, need to continue with all due finding and urgency. Work Cited Cartere, Jason. â€Å" Television, Food Marketing and Childhood Obesity. † New York. Nova Science Publishers, Inc. 2009. Print Clifford, Stephanie. â€Å" A Fine Line When Ads and Children Mix. † New York Times 15 Feb. 2010: 4. Newspaper Source Plus. Web. 6 Oct. 2012. Encyclopedia of Obesity. Gen. Ed. Kathleen Keller. Los Angeles: Sage Plublications 2008. Print. Griidgr. â€Å" Media Bites-Frosted Flakes † You Tube, 13 April 2009. Web. 10 October 2012. Institute of Medicine ( U.S. ) . Committee on Prevention of Obesity in the Youth Preventing childhood fleshiness: wellness in the balance. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC 2005. Julie L. Gerberding. â€Å" Marketing Food To Children. † FDCH Congressional Testimony ( n.d. ) : Newspaper Source Plus. Web. 10 Oct. 2012. Kunkel, Dale. â€Å" Food Marketing And Chrildrens Health. † FDCH Congressional Testimony ( n.d. ) : October 12, 2011.Newspaper Source Plus. Web. 10 Oct. 2012.

Annotated Bibliography: Stress Management Essay

Throughout life stress is a common problem whether it’s at work, school or home. The many negative effects of stress in fact affect individuals differently varying from health issues to work performance. Therefore, all individuals have different views of stress and various ways of handling it or otherwise managing their stress. Stress is when any living thing feels endangered and its homeostasis is at risk (Varvogli & Darviri, 2011, p. 74). Ways of dealing with stress are efforts of cognitive, behavioral, and psychological nature that allows a person to manage stress. Although there are different causes of stress, there are also many techniques for relieving it. The following articles are intended for the reader to understand these different techniques for relieving stress, and coping with the effects that stress can cause. Stress Management Varvogli, L., & Darviri, C. (2011). Stress management techniques: evidence-based procedures that reduce stress and promote health. Health Science Journal, 5(2), 74-89 In this evidence-based study, numerous stress management techniques are used to help reduce the ill effects that stress can cause. The authors explain each technique as well as the benefits. The techniques include the following: Progressive Muscle Relaxation which consists of tensing and relaxing muscles in the abdomen, legs, arms, and face; Autogenic Training in which the person learns to instruct the body to relax and control otherwise autonomic body functions such as heartbeat and blood pressure; Relaxation Response is a repetition process that allows an individual to concentrate, and return to that repetition when other thoughts come to mind; Biofeedback uses instruments to measure physiological activity, which gives information to the user to utilize with changes in emotions and thinking to allow physiological changes; Guided imagery is audio, writing, or a professional using the person’s individualized images to reduce stress and promote health; Diaphragmatic breathing, or bell deep breathing, is thought to reset the autonomic nervous system, and promote relaxation; Transcendental meditation which is when the individual sits and repeats a chant with closed eyes; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy uses assessments, cognitive and behavioral treatments, along with physician and patient cooperation to help the patient become self-aware, and change their way of thinking; Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction uses meditation to help those suffering from mental or physical ailments; and the Emotional Freedom Technique which encompasses the use of acupressure while speaking a phrase out loud. All of these techniques allow the individual to relax and alleviate stress, and improve his or her health. It also explained that these methods can help with cardiovascular disease, diabetes, high blood pressure, pain management, and reduce anxiety due to chronic illness. Engel B . (2004). Are We Out of Our Minds With Nursing Stress? Creative Nursing 10(4), 4-6. The article was written about large amounts of stress occurring in the nursing community and the effect it has on us physically, emotionally, and spiritually. It goes on to describe certain ways to approach stress and stress relief to include, taking certain actions to manage stress and be able to use that to better the profession. Stress is a part of our daily lives and even more so in nursing. The situations that a nurse is put in on a daily basis are not only physically demanding, but are emotionally draining as well and even tax our spirituality having to deal with death and dying, sickness and disease. The article goes on to talk about stress manifestations, or how we perceive stress in our lives and our own approaches to it. Stress can be harmful and even debilitating. Or it can help sharpen your skills and challenge you to get better, depending on how you plan on dealing with it. Understanding stress and what it can do will open us up to figuring out how to use it to our advantage. One of the ways the article describes a way to approach a stressful situation is â€Å"mindfulness.† This is the ability to realize where you are in the situation, to include your physical body and what is going on around you. This is described as knowing your body knowing what is going on inside and realizing where you are in the situation. Maloney, C. (2012). Critical incient stress debriefing and pediatric nurses: An approach to support the work enviroment and mitigate negative consequences. Pediatric Nursing, 38(2), 110-113. In this article Maloney covers stress debriefing for nurses involved in traumatic incidents in throughout the workplace, specifically paying close attention to critical incidents and pediatric nurses. Traumatic events are common in the nursing workplace and if not properly tended to, can result in physical and emotional distress. Although quantitative research cannot determine the efficacy of critical incient stress debriefing, the author used a great example of a study that had extremely positive results that cut down the turnover in one hospital by half. Maloney also used studies that supported that critical incident stress debriefing was found useful over 98% of the time, and helped nurses find meaning over 97% of the time. Stress in these work environments can cause many symptoms that would effect a person’s well being not only physically but also emotionally, this article offers a great tool that can be used to reduce stress levels, and shows that hospitals are also contributing to stress management in other ways. Furthermore, the article would be very relevant for research of stress management in nursing as well as for first responders (i.e. fire fighters, EMT’s and paramedics) and other agencies that respond to traumatic situations. The author points out those hospital administrators that are recognizing the needs for emotional support that goes beyond the responsibility of the individual, and those hospitals are implementing programs to provide all the support they can to help relieve the stress brought upon healthcare providers (nurses). Bento, W. (2012). Living with Stress as the New Norm of the Post Modern World its consequences and challenges. LILIPOH (LILIPOH), 17(66), 21-7. In this article, Bento states many different types of stresses that a person comes across on each and every day. He states that the â€Å"four main sources of stress are worth noting. The first is perceived threats of any kind, whether physical, social or financial. Stress due to threats is always related to needs either being denied or jeopardized. Whether rational or irrational, the feelings generated from such stress translate into existential angst. The level of existential angst is higher the more it is perceived that there is no way to control or reduce the threat.† (Bento, 2012, 24). He also states that fear, cognitive dissonance and anxiety towards the future are three additional stressors that tax on to a person’s life and affects their daily habits. Knowing and understanding the factors of stress will allow a person to further comprehend his or hers environment and surroundings. Once that understanding is further developed, an individual will be able to make steps into controlling and managing different types of stress. Thus, applying it into the real world and the world of nursing. Solowieg, K. (2010). Take it easy: how the cycle of stress and pain associated with wound care affects recovery. NURS RESIDENTIAL CARE, 12(9), 443-444. This Article explains how stress can be detrimental to the human body, especially in a health care facility. Pain is closely intertwined with stress being that when a person feels pain, their level of stress and anxiety can inhibit optimal immune system function. In Solowiej’s article, it shows a study that â€Å"wound cleansing is considered to be one of the most painful treatments associated with wounds. Pain itself can have a negative impact on wound healing, as it can contribute to stress and other negative emotional states including fear, anxiety and depression.† (Solowiej, 2010, 444). It is important to know how pain and stress are very similar because when combined the psychological effects is has on a person can slow down the process of healing. Furthermore, when initial pain is confronted right away with positive reinforcement, a negative reaction to a trauma, chronic wound or small damage can help a person or patient make a full recovery from a situation. Urban, A. (2010). Managing stress. SRNA NEWSBULLETIN, 10(4), 7. The Article written by Anne Marie Urban gives us insight to how we can manage and prevent stress. Stress is inevitable cannot be prevented. It is an integral part of our life and will always happen from time to time whether it is a positive or negative one. However, even though stress itself is impossible to prevent, management of it can provide a positive response to a person’s life. Urban states that there are four ways for a person to positive manage and analyze stress. In doing so can provide a good energy for a person to use for their everyday activities. The four steps to a positive mindset towards stress are called Stop, Breath, Reflect, and Choose. The first step, Stop, asks an individual to think and analyze what is going on in their surroundings, and asking to not let their emotions and thoughts escalate. The second step is to Breathe. When in a stressful situation, it is difficult to take a second to catch your breath, but taking those few extra moments can help a person gather themselves. Taking deep breaths, and inhaling and exhaling calmly can help trigger a relaxation response to the body. Reflect is the third step of management. Analyzing and thinking about the situation. This step asks to look from the outside and ask yourself internal questions. Asking these internal questions helps to see if an individual is being over reactive or if there are other alternatives. The last of the four steps is choosing your response to a situation. This is a person’s decision to act upon a situation and ask themselves if the stress is worth it or not. Knowing these techniques can help maintain manage stress at a low level. There are many forms and sources of stress that can affect an individual’s well-being or surroundings. Being able to manage stress properly and doing so in a positive way will allow a person to achieve their goals or make a memorable impact on the world. Davis, C. (2011). Forum to help staff deal with day-to-day Stress . Nursing Management – UK, 18(4) , 18-21. This article is based upon studies in hospitals in England. The study provided a program to help hospital staff deal with stress from patient care, coworkers, and everyday stress in a hospital environment. In order to reduce stress, the article encourages discussion and group interaction in order to talk about emotional and social stress and challenges. This article stresses the importance for â€Å"rounds† to be incorporated in all hospitals in order for the healthcare professional to verbally discuss a patient’s case, plan of care, and any concerns an individual may have. One weakness to this article is that it does not touch on individual support for stress. If an individual does not benefit from the rounds and their stress level is still high, there is no alternative listed. Also, being in a group setting may increase someone’s stress and may only make the individuals stress worse. This correlates to the topic of stress management because every day as a nurse, we will be faced with stress and may be emotionally stressed out due to a patient’s care or diagnosis. This article is promoting and advocating how rounds will help decrease stress in healthcare professional, which will ultimately improve patient care. I believe that this article is on point with the implication of rounds for healthcare professionals. It allows the healthcare team to come together as a group and talk about problems and patient care, which can reduce stress and anxiety in the healthcare professionals. Cox, T., & Griffiths, A. (2007). Work-related stress in nursing: controlling the risk to health. Retrieved August 9, 2012, from http://ilo-mirror.library.cornell.edu/public/english/protection/condtrav/pdf/4stress.pdf This scholarly article was written to identify the causes of stress in hospital-based nurses as well as provide therapies and techniques in order to manage stress. This article states that stress in nursing is derived from three areas: work demands that are not matched to the level of knowledge of the nurse, work that does not fulfill their needs, level of co ntrol at work, and the lack of support a nurse may receive (Cox & Griffiths, 2007, p. 3). The article also touches on how stress affects the health of the nurse as well. This is the strength of this article because not only does it list the origin of stress, but it also states how overtime stress can affect the health of the nurse. This is helpful to readers because even though stress is a normal part of life, it must be controlled and managed otherwise it can negatively affect the health and wellness of the individual. One weakness of this article is that it only focuses on hospital-based nursing and neglects nurses that are working outside of the hospital. One way the article could be improved would be to research and comment on the profession of nursing as a whole rather than to only focused on nursing working inside the hospital. This article is directly related to the topic of stress management because it focuses on the origin of stress a nurse may face while working, the affects of stress on the nurse’s health, and tips to manage stress and promote health and wellness. This article is a great article for nurses to read because it provides tips and techniques to avoid and reduce stress as well as manage stress once present. Abraham, S. (2012). Relationship between stress and perceived self-efficacy among nurses in India. . Retrieved August 10, 2012, from http://www.ictbm.org/ictbm12/ICTBM12CD/pdf/D2144-done.pdf This scholarly article focuses in on nurses in India and how stress affects not only the nurse but also the organization the nurse works for. This article states that the individual as well as the organization should manage the stress but the individual experiencing stress should be primarily in charge. The article lists techniques to manage stress but also touches on the how the individual’s capacity to cope with stress can affect the stress level. One strength of this article is that it emphasizes self-efficacy as a part of stress management. According to Abraham (2012), self-efficacy is defined as â€Å"beliefs in one’s own capacity to organize and execute the courses of action required to manage prospective situations† (p. 611). This is important for coping with stress because multitudes of tips and techniques can be offered, but it is up to the individual and the capacity for a change in behavior to cope with stress. A weakness of this article is that the study was conducted only in India and does not include nurses from all different countries. This could be a weakness because nursing practices in India may differ from

Free Essays on What Inspired Me To Succeed (essay)

Through out my lifetime I have met many people who have inspired me and made me want to follow their footsteps. I have gone through situations where the decisions I made have greatly influenced the way I have carried out my lifestyle. However, none of these people or situations have enthused my desire to succeed like one particular experience. The summer after my freshman year in High School I obtained a part - time job in a jewelry store. When I was interviewed, the owner informed me that I was going to get hired to perform duties such as filing, creating invoices, and answering the phone .She also told me that I would assist the workers in the making of the jewelry and that sometime in the future I would get promoted and make jewelry as well. I was very excited and motivated because this job was going to give me the opportunity to earn extra money for the summer and give me the chance to develop my skills as well to obtain new ones. Unfortunately, everything was different once I started working. Right on my first week on the job I started to feel uncomfortable. I noticed that my boss was somehow taking advantage of me in many ways. In contrast to what I was hired for, I was working in a room preparing packages for delivery as well as running errands outside. Most of these errands consisted of going to other jewelry stores by myself to get jewelry and other materials needed for making them. This scared me because in a city like New York, it was very unsafe for a 14 year old to be carrying large amounts of jewelry in the streets by herself without some sort of protection. I worked from 9 in the morning till 6 in the afternoon with the exception of a lunch break. During my work hours I was prohibited from talking to my fellow workers and even using the phone. I was getting paid a low salary and our management didn’t even provide its employees with an air conditioner, which would have been appropriate for such a warm time of the... Free Essays on What Inspired Me To Succeed (essay) Free Essays on What Inspired Me To Succeed (essay) Through out my lifetime I have met many people who have inspired me and made me want to follow their footsteps. I have gone through situations where the decisions I made have greatly influenced the way I have carried out my lifestyle. However, none of these people or situations have enthused my desire to succeed like one particular experience. The summer after my freshman year in High School I obtained a part - time job in a jewelry store. When I was interviewed, the owner informed me that I was going to get hired to perform duties such as filing, creating invoices, and answering the phone .She also told me that I would assist the workers in the making of the jewelry and that sometime in the future I would get promoted and make jewelry as well. I was very excited and motivated because this job was going to give me the opportunity to earn extra money for the summer and give me the chance to develop my skills as well to obtain new ones. Unfortunately, everything was different once I started working. Right on my first week on the job I started to feel uncomfortable. I noticed that my boss was somehow taking advantage of me in many ways. In contrast to what I was hired for, I was working in a room preparing packages for delivery as well as running errands outside. Most of these errands consisted of going to other jewelry stores by myself to get jewelry and other materials needed for making them. This scared me because in a city like New York, it was very unsafe for a 14 year old to be carrying large amounts of jewelry in the streets by herself without some sort of protection. I worked from 9 in the morning till 6 in the afternoon with the exception of a lunch break. During my work hours I was prohibited from talking to my fellow workers and even using the phone. I was getting paid a low salary and our management didn’t even provide its employees with an air conditioner, which would have been appropriate for such a warm time of the...